A profile board with a fixed height, often referred to as traveller, is deployed to control the excavated levels between the profile boards.

In most road construction projects a series of boards are placed at intervals along the proposed line of the road. It demarcates site boundaries, foundations, and other necessary structural parts. Setting out refers to the process of transferring design proposals from drawings into the ground. Layout drawings, funding, legal, and environmental issues are all sorted out during this initial stage of road construction to ensure the project runs smoothly without running into financial or legal problems. It involves assessing the current and future traffic patterns and performing a cost-benefit study to ensure the road will serve its purpose. This is the initial step in any road construction project. While road construction methods vary depending on the type of road under construction, here’s a step-by-step guide outlining how roads are made using asphalt and/or concrete. It can take months or years of planning before work can begin depending on the size and type of the envisioned road.

This is a complex venture that involves paving, rehabilitation, and/or reclamation of degraded pavements to create a motorable roadway. Road construction is the process of installing soil stabilisers, asphalt, concrete, and other materials on a defined path to create a smoothed or paved surface that vehicles can move on between two destinations. PHOTO | COURTESY Road construction process You can use a ruler to measure the distance in cm/mm/inches and then multiple by x to scale it.A road construction site. The distances for the changes for the existing may well be different to the proposed. Ii) The start of the section is 0 distance and then you measure from 0 along the line to get the distance for the change in elevation. This makes it clear for when you are entering the levels into the spreadsheet. I have used two colours to make the mark black for existing and written the level above the section line and pink for the proposed and the level is written below the line. I) For each contour make a mark on your section and write the level. In this example, the levels have been defined using contour lines. It is key to use your fine pen or pencil here to ensure you can fit in the two levels and so they remain legible. An example, showing one way to do this, is in the photo. You now need to take off the existing (E) and proposed (P) levels and write them next to each significant change in elevation, to produce a cross section.

How to calculate design formation level